Thursday 3 November 2016

Task 3 - Understand Software Technology for Games Platforms

What is Platform Dependency?

Platform dependency is when a game or game series depends on a specific gaming platform to be able to be played. In other words, these are the games exclusive to, for example, PlayStation that can’t be played on any other console or on a PC.

A few examples of these types of games are:
Ratchet & Clank
Little Big Planet 3
Digimon World: Next Order
Persona 5
Pokemon Sun and Moon
Halo
What is Platform Independency?

Platform independency is when you are able to play the same game or game franchise on multiple platforms. In other words, unlike platform dependency games, a game that is released on PlayStation can also be bought on Xbox, Nintendo consoles, and/or PC.

A few examples of these types of games are:
Grand Theft Auto V
Dragonball Xenoverse 2
Fallout 4
Skyrim
Dark Souls

BattleBlock Theatre
What is the purpose of an Operating System?
An operating system, OS for short, is the piece of basic software and programming that lets you do stuff on your computer. The OS acts as a platform for all other applications on your machine, without an operating system you just have a pile of unusable hardware. There are some simple computers that don't need an operating system because they perform a specific task, but a machine doing more than one task needs one, like a home computer or a games console etc.
Xbox
The Xbox one uses an operating system made by Microsoft, know as OneCore. I this a Windows based operating system that uses Hyper-V virtual machine monitor and Windows 10.

PlayStation
The PlayStation's operating system is called Orbis OS, it was made based on a customized FreeBSD 9 (a different operating system). They did this by using the source code from the OS FreeBSD 9 and changing it to what it is today.

PC
A PC can have any of a long list of operating systems, a few being: Windows, Linux, Crome OS, Steam OS, Android and many more.

Mobile
For mobiles, there are a few different operating systems to choose from, like iOS, Android, and Windows, these are the most used and known. My phone at the moment is an iPhone 4S and uses iOS which is what all iPhone's run on.

What is the purpose of a Device Driver?
A device driver is a set of files that enable one or more devices that are attached to your computer. This can range from keyboards, mouses, pen drives, printers, speakers, CD/DVD/Blu-ray players/readers etc.

What is an API and what does it do?
API stands for Application Program interface and it is a small program on a computer that is needed to run a number of different devices. The devices it can run includes things like; memory sticks, sound cards, graphics card, the keyboard, a webcam etc.

Select a range of games and research the following;
  • Platform Dependency
  • Operating Systems Used
  • Drivers Needed
  • Application Software Used (Programming)
Danganrompa
Danganrompa isn't platformed dependent because you can play it on both PlayStation, PS Vita and on a computer. This game can be run on the PlaySation Orbis OS system, and on PCs with android, Ios, Microsoft Windows or Linux. The drivers needed to play the game would be either a mouse and keyboard or a Xbox controller on the PC, and if played on a PlayStation the driver needed would be the controller. I couldn’t find what programming language this game uses  but I assume it would be C++ since that is the gaming industry.
The story of the first Danganrompa game takes place in an elite high school called Hope's Peak Academy, where all the students have their own specific talents and become the "Ultimate" student on that talent when they start at the academy, a good example of this would be a character called Makoto Naegi, the "Ultimate Lucky Student" who was chosen to be put in the academy by a raffle. Throughout the game you play as Makoto, at the start of the game you are arriving at the academy for the first time, then suddenly you wake up locked inside the school where you meet another fourteen other students in the same situation as you. A bear pops up out of nowhere called Monokuma and says the only way out of the school is to "graduate", and the only way to do that is to kill another student and not be identified as the culprit. When a murder happens the students are given some time to investigate and gather clues to bring to a class trial when the investigation time is up. If the murderer is caught they get a punishment, but if not the rest of the class die and the murderer is set free.
Halo
Halo is a platform dependent game because you can only play this game on the Xbox. The only drivers needed would be the Xbox controller. Halo was made by using the programming language C++ because this language helps the game run smoothly.
The story behind Halo




Ratchet and Clank
Ratchet and Clank is a game from my childhood, it is platform dependent only being able to be played on PlayStation consoles. To play the Ratchet and Clank games you only need the controller driver. This game was also made using the programming language C++ for the same reasons as Halo.

The story of the first Ratchet and Clank game is

Outlast
Outlast is a platform independent game because it can be played over multiple platforms, this includes thins like the; Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and on PCs with either Microsoft Windows or Linux. To play this game you can use these drivers; Mouse and keyboard, PlayStation 4 controller, Xbox One controller or the steam controller for the PC. Again with this game, it was made using C++.

The story of outlast

Monday 19 September 2016

Task 2 – Hardware Technologies for Game Platforms

Human Computer Interface (HCI)

Reference: http://dfgamestechnologies.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/human-computer-interation.html
"Human Computer Interfaces looks directly at what the user will be using and how they are designed to help the user, these would be such things as the controls the user has to use, the design of the button configuration for which the players will have to use, the interface device such as the screen and how it will be displayed to the user, user-centered design so how it works around the player whilst interacting & portability of the console/system."

Why It's Important to Gaming:
Without human computer interfaces gaming wouldn't be possible, because this is what we have to do it be able to interact with a game. A good example of how it would be very hard to play a game would be using a controller with both analog sticks on one side, the arrows on the bottom and the other buttons dotted all over the controller, you just would't be able to play a game.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Reference: http://www.build-gaming-computers.com/best-cpu.html
"The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is one of the most important components in any computer system, and could be described as the brains of a computer. It contains the logic circuitry that performs the instructions of the software you run. The performance of your games and other applications will be directly related to this tiny little microprocessor."

Why It's Important to Gaming:
Gaming wouldn't be possible with this either because the CPU is the brains of a computer or console and is the thing that actually plays the game, by running the software and functions for it. The CPU also takes the commands sent from thing like the controller or keyboard and tells the computer or console what to do.

Limitations:
The limitations to a CPU are: They can quickly become outdated then they become obsolete. Another limitation to CPU's is one doesn't fit all, in other words one type of CPU won't work with all motherboards because of there size. The is also the fact that some types of CPU don't let you overclock them.

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

Reference: http://www.nvidia.com/object/what-is-gpu-computing.html
"GPU-accelerated computing offloads compute-intensive portions of the application to the GPU, while the remainder of the code still runs on the CPU. From a user's perspective, applications simply run much faster"

Why It's Important to Gaming:

The GPU is important of the games of today because without a GPU the games wouldn't run as well as they are meant to. By having a GPU it takes some of the stress of the CPU allowing for the game to run smoother and be able to deal with better graphics.

Limitations:
A limitation of the GPU is it can dramatically slow down your computer because it uses a lot of RAM. Another limitation is GPU's can be very expensive and can be difficult to upgrade, even if you do upgrade it will not allow any extra video memory upgrades.

Memory (RAM)

Reference: http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/r/ram.htm
"Random Access Memory (RAM) is a hardware device that allows information to be stored and retrieved on a computer. RAM is usually associated with DRAM, which is a type of memory module. Because information is accessed randomly instead of sequentially like it is on a CD or hard drive, the computer can access the data much faster. However, unlike ROM or the hard drive, RAM is a volatile memory and requires power to keep the data accessible. If the computer is turned off, all data contained in RAM is lost."

Why It's Important to Gaming:
Games wouldn't run without RAM because all games use a bit of RAM to be able to process everything. RAM is the thing that lets you run multiple programs at once, whilst storing memory and information, to later be deleted when the computer is turned of. Also RAM is use in almost every electrical product that requires memory now a days and is the most common type of memory.

Limitations:
The biggest limitation to RAM is that as soon as you turn the device using the RAM off  it clears all it's memory.

Display

Reference: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/display
"A display is a computer output surface and projecting mechanism that shows text and often graphic images to the computer user"

Why It's Important to Gaming:
The display is defiantly important to gaming because without the display we won't be able to see the game. Although it is not impossible to play a game with no screen it would be extremely hard for most games. There is also the fact they are called "Video games" which means they have a video  that needs a display to show it.

Limitations:
The limitations to displays include: The screen can be to old for some games giving them a really bad image quality and possibly won't be able to run the game. Also with PC or TV gaming the screens can be really big and bulky, or if you have multiple for your computer it can take up lots of space. Another limitation is displays can be quite expensive to buy.

Sound

Reference: http://pcsupport.about.com/od/componentprofiles/p/p_sound.htm
"The sound card is an expansion card that allows the computer to send audio information to an audio device, like speakers, a pair of headphones, etc.
Unlike the CPU and RAM, the sound card is not a necessary piece of hardware required to make a computer work"

Why It's Important to Gaming:
In my opinion sound is very important to any game to, build tension, show how someone in the game is feeling and many other reasons, although games can be played without sound.The sounds of games can set the atmosphere and feel of a game, but this can also be made by other things to like, scenery and text on screen showing what the players are saying.

Limitations:
The limitations to sound in gaming is not all sound cards can fit every machine, another would be you need good speakers otherwise you end up with bad audio output or a buzzing sound in the background.

Game Storage Media (GSM)

Reference: http://hardwareingamingplatforms.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/game-storage-medium.html
"Computers, Games consoles, Mobile Gaming and Phones all require the feature of being able to save data. Computers usally need a a far greater amount of memry then games consoles because they dont just concentrate of gaming however recently Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 have brought out high capacity memory units for there consoles."

Why It's Important to Gaming:
Game storage media is a very important part of gaming, because you need to be able to save your games because games have become so big you can't play them in one sit in anymore. Games have always needed storage so they had somewhere to actually put the game.

Limitations:
The biggest limitation of storage is it is always limited, and to get bigger storage space can cost you a lot om money. Storage devises can be easily lost or damaged, for example a pen drive can be left in a computer, a disc could be left on the side out of it's box and scratched and many many other ways.

Interface Devices

Reference: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/19781/human-interface-device-hid
"A human interface device (HID) is a method by which a human interacts with an electronic information system either by inputting data or providing output. A myriad of HID devices exist. The most common are the keyboards, mice, computer speakers, webcams and headsets."

Why It's Important to Gaming:
Without human interface devices it would be impossible to play any game, HID is defiantly needed for gaming. It would be impossible to play as game without HID because they are the things sending information to and from your computer to tell the game what to do and show

Limitations:
The limitations to these devices is, if the device has wires they can easily get tangled and become a trip hazard, if the devise is wireless it can run out of battery and needs charging or the battery's changing .

Connectivity

Reference: http://hardwareingamingplatforms.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/connectivity.html
"Computer, Gaming devices and mobile phones require different conenctions to create a effective user experience whether its including internet access connections, headphones jacks, high resolution outputs, usb ports and other wireless connectivity."

Why It's Important to Gaming:
Connectivity is important to gaming because this is how you are able to connect to and play with people over the internet. If this wasn't a part of gaming now a days the gaming industry defiantly wouldn't be as big as it is. Although games are playable without the internet, its a lot more fun with it. Headphone/headset connectivity help the player feel like they are a part of the game and connect with the player themselves.

Limitations:
Connections to the internet has a big limitation, if one players internet is bad it effects their play witch could cause the entire team to fail. another limitation to internet gaming is if you are on a console you normally have to pay a subscription to be able to play online. A limitation to connecting headphones/headsets to a console is you are connected by a wire meaning you might have to sit closer to the TV.

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

Reference: http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/p/ps.htm
"Short for power supply and sometimes abbreviated as PSU, which is short for Power Supply Unit. A power supply is an internal hardware component that supplies components in a computer with power."
Why It's Important to Gaming:
The power supply unit is important to gaming because it is the thing that powers the console or PC that you are playing your game on. Without a PSU it is literally impossible to play any game.

Limitations:
There's not many limitations to a PSU but there is defiantly one, some power supply units cant handle the amount of power the console or PC needs to run. Another would be the amount of time it takes to charge something and how long the charge last for.

Extra Videos
I also came across some videos whilst doing all the parts of this task. The videos talk about all the computer parts and the performances over a total of ten videos. Here are the videos:

Computer Parts Explained - Part 1 - Processors
Computer Parts Explained - Part 2 - Motherboards
Computer Parts Explained - Part 3 - Graphics Cards
Computer Parts Explained - Part 4 - RAM Memory
Computer Parts Explained - Part 5 - Hard Drives
Computer Parts Explained - Part 6 - Computer Cases
Computer Parts Explained - Part 7 - Cooling
Computer Parts Explained - Part 8 - Power Supplies
Computer Parts Explained - Part 9 - Sound Cards
Computer Parts Explained - Part 10 - Network Cards

Wednesday 14 September 2016

Task 1 – Game Platform Development Timeline

Arcade Machines
Without arcade machines the gaming industry we have today would not be the same, arcade machines are one of the fist things to bring gaming into everyday life. If arcade machines never existed the gaming community would be no where near as big as it is today, or could even only have a few gamer's that game for a hobby. A arcade machine is usually made with a wood or plastic casing, with comic style cartoon pictures of the game stuck or printed on to the machine. All arcade machines require you to put coins in to the machine to play after the players have done this they would use a joystick and very few buttons to play the game, normally the functions of the joystick and buttons would be to control their character and shoot. The resolution of the screen would usually have a low resolution, but recently they have been being made with lots better graphics thanks to technology getting better.
Arcade machines do have their advantages and disadvantages, an advantage with most of the newer arcade machines is they can give you an experience you wouldn't be able to get at home or anywhere else, for example the Star Wars Battle Pod. The battle pod is a small capsule type console where you are surrounded by screens and speakers, making a better playing experience. Another advantage is they are pretty cheap and easy to play so kids would be able to play easily unlike with PC gaming where there can be to many buttons for them to understand.
A disadvantage of a arcade machine is every time you want to play the game you have to insert a specific amount of money before the game will start, this is a big disadvantage because you can't play the game as many times as you want, also if you get addicted to a game you could end up spending more than you wanted to on the game and be left with no money. Another disadvantage is you have to go to a arcade to play on a arcade machine, unless you are able to buy one to have at home but even then it takes up a lot of space. A third disadvantage is you can't change the game inside the arcade machine, you have to go to a different machine to play another game and there could be queues for the next game you want to go on, or the machine could be out of order.
Although arcade machines have their disadvantages they are still a big part of the gaming industry and as the years go by more and more technology is being made, allowing thing that were impossible a few years ago possible. A good example of this in arcade machines would be, this new arcade machine that allows you to use your eyes to play, the game is a simple one called EyeAsteroids, the aim of the game is to destroy the asteroids before they hit and destroy the earth.
1972 - Galaxy Game
The first ever coin operated arcade game was a game called Galaxy Game. It was first brought out in 1972 the aim of the game is to fire and destroy the other ship without  going through the center point. It was a very simple game but it had no sound, the screen flashed anytime anything moved and the graphics was as simple as you can get.
1978 - Space Invaders
By the year 1978 arcade machines had gotten quit a bit better, allowing for sound and color, this is the year Taito Corp released one of the most known and most popular arcade game of  all time, Space Invaders. Almost everyone I know has played Space Invaders at some point in their life, and most of them enjoy the game whenever they play it. The aim of Space Invaders was to shoot and kill all the aliens before they killed you, the game give you three obstacles to hide behind that the aliens can destroy by shooting them a few times. In my opinion this game was and still is very addictive.
1980 - Pac-Man
This game is still played a lot today, but there are way to many remakes of this game, that in my opinion when your playing it isn't anything like the original any more. The original Pac-Man arcade machine was released in 1980, and it soon became one of the most successful video games of all time, selling over 350,000 arcade cabinets, and making $2billion in revenue.
2007 - Deal or No Deal
The Deal or No Deal arcade game is based on the TV quiz show Deal or No Deal and was released in 2007, and uses actual footage from the show. The game play is very similar to that in the TV program but instead of money you would win tickets, the player had to chose their box in hope it would have the highest ticket value, then eliminate the other boxes and every so often get offers from the banker.
2016 - Luigi's Mansion
The original Luigi's Mansion came out in 2002 on the GameCube, but now a arcade version of the game has been made and released this year. The game is played fairly similar to the original, but you play the game as if you are Luigi.
Consoles
Consoles was the next big thing in the gaming industry, they allowed people to play their beloved arcade games at home and play new games that were never in the arcades. Consoles brought the gaming industry to life in my opinion, helping to make the consoles of today and the ones in the future. The first ever console was made of wood then they switched to plastic, and still is plastic to this day. The oldest consoles had see through plastic picture sheets you stuck to your TV, and some lit up squares on the screen to resemble the players, and to get thee most fun out of the game you had to use your imagination. The controller has always had two analog sticks, and a few buttons to control the character and open the main menu. over time the resolution and quality of consoles has improved dramatically and games now can look very realistic and have very detailed story lines, that can even end in different ways depending on how you played the game, a good example of this is Mass Effect 1 that has 3 different endings.
Consoles do have advantages and disadvantages though, a good advantage is you can experience your favorite exclusive to console games to the best of its ability, allowing an experience you can only get from a console. Another advantage of console gaming is you can play online with all your gaming friend that have the same games and consoles, you can also make new friends that you only know on your console and can team up and play with whenever they are all available. A third advantage is you can play your games as many times as you want.
A disadvantage of consoles is most aren't backwards compatible meaning you cant play games you have bought for your previous console can't be played on the new version of the console. Another disadvantage is new versions of consoles come out every five to six years, with new exclusive to that console games, meaning you have to buy a new console to play new games. A third disadvantage is people with the same game but on a different console can't play together because no console so far can play cross platforms. The last disadvantage is consoles can take up a lot of room, not just the console it's self but the game cases and disc to.
Even though consoles have all these disadvantages they are still massive in the gaming industry. I think this is because every console has games you can only play on that console and aren't available to play in any other way. Consoles are doing a good job of keeping up with the technology  and equipment of today, for example the PS5 supposedly coming out sometime in five to ten years, isn't going to have a disc drive making it so you have to buy your games online, it will also be compatible with things like VR and other devices that bring the reality of games closer to actual reality.
1967 - Brown Box - Ralph Baer
Ralph Baer and his colleagues at Sanders Associates Inc. created a prototype called "TV Game Unit #7" before the eventually made the Brown Box. The Brown Box could be programmed to play games by flicking switches that went across the front of the console. It had games like Ping-Pong, Checkers, four sports games, a shooting game and a golf game. In the end Sanders licensed the Brow Box to Magnavox who made the Magnavox Odyssy. In my opinion this was the biggest leap for gaming all over the world.
1972 - Magnavox Odyssey - Magnavox
The Magnavox Odyssey was made in 1972. The Odyssey only had twelve games on it and had six cartridges in the consoles box that contained the twelve games. The Odyssey contained no processor or memory and sold 100,000 units in 1972 for only $100 witch is nothing for a games console now a days. The Magnavox Odyssey is the console that really brought consoles in to homes everywhere and with out it the consoles of today would defiantly not be what they are now.


1988 - Sega Mega Drive - Sega
The Sega Mega Drive was the third and most successful console made by Sega selling over 40 million world wide, released in 1988. Over one thousand games were released for this console in total, all these games were on cartridges. The Mega Drive contained 16/32-bit CPU, a Motorola 68000 which is a 32-bit microprocessor and a 16-bit data bus. The maximum addressable memory is 16MB and 64KB of Ram.
1994 - PlayStation 1 - Sony
The PlayStation 1 was my first ever console and was released in 1994 before I was even born. My favorite game on this console was Ape Escape, where you pretty much just ran around catching monkeys. The creators of the PS1 are Sony and run CD games rather than cartridge games like the others in my time line. It had a 32-bit CPU, 32-bit GPU, a system RAM of 2MB and a video RAM of 1MB. The PS1 had over 102 million units sold world wide.
2013 - PlayStation 4 - Sony
The PlayStation 4 is the newest PlayStation out at the moment. It has sold over 40 million unit so far world wide. The PS4 allows users to connect to the internet to play with friends, watch movies and TV programs, it even lets you buy games online. The PS4 controller is the first controller to have a touch pad, also it is massively different from the previous PS controllers. It has a CPU clocked at 1.6Hz and contains 8-core CPU's, a 1.84 teraflop GPU, and 8GB of RAM.
Handheld/Mobile
A few years after consoles became popular, Milton-Bradley made the first ever hand held console. Having a handheld console give gamer's a new way to game, and mobile games spread the joy of games to previous non-gamer's, making the gaming industry one of the biggest media industry out there today. Almost everyone now a days has played games either on a handheld device or on a console, but most of the people who play solely on handheld consoles don't call them selves gamer's. Every mobile and handheld console that can run games have been made of some sort of plastic or they can be made out of metal, and most of them would normally have glass screens.
Like with the others in this list there are disadvantages and advantages to handheld/mobile games to. A disadvantage of handheld devices is you have to charge the battery so the device won't run out of power in the middle of a game, if it did before you could save your game you would lose all you progress you made since your last save. Another disadvantage would be if you break your charger you have to buy a new one or you won't be able to charge your handheld device. A third disadvantage would be it is very easy to lose a game if your using a handheld console. The last big disadvantage is the although the devices are portable, most aren't waterproof, therefor can't be use if walking in the rain or waiting for something in the rain.
Some advantages of handheld devices is you can bring them to work or your place of education to play on on your breaks. Another good advantage is if your friend wants to play on your handheld console you can let them borrow it, by simply handing it to them which you can't do with a normal console. With mobile phones they let you connect to the internet allowing online gaming whilst traveling, giving a more social gaming experience. The last big advantage is theirs only one wire to charge the device minimizing trip hazards or wires getting in the way, and stop wires getting tangled, causing a mess.
Even with these disadvantages they are one of the biggest parts of the gaming industry, with mobile apps being released constantly, and hype being generated for new handheld console games all the time like Pokemon Sun and Moon. In my opinion handheld gaming is the easiest way to game, because if you get addicted to a game on the handheld console you have, it gives you the freedom to play it whilst walking round the house.
1979 - Micro vision - Milton-Bradley
The Micro Vision is the world first handheld gaming console released in 1979 made by Milton-Bradley. Only twelve games were released on the Micro Vision, to change between games you had to take the front of the Micro Vision of and swap it for another, so you had the right buttons for the game you were playing. It had a resolution of 16x16 pixels, a processor speed of 100kHz, a RAM of 8-bit bytes, a 2K ROM, and the sounds used a piezo beeper. This little devise is what started and helped make the handheld consoles of today.
1989 - Game Boy - Nintendo
Nintendo first released the Game Boy in 1989, being the second handheld system released by Nintendo, it sold over 118 million worldwide. When the Game Boy was first brought out it had five games: Alleyway, Baseball, Super Mario Land, Tennis and Tetris, in total there were 815 games released on the Game Boy. It has a 8-bit CPU that runs at 4.19MHz, a 8KB RAM, 2-bit color and runs on 4 AA batteries for 15-30+ hours.
1990 - Game Gear - Sega
The Game Gear was made by Sega in 1990, unlike the others in this time line this handheld console is in full color. The Game Gear sold over 10.62 million units world wide, and had 363 games released for it. The Game Gear had a 8-bit CPU, 8KB to 16KB RAM, sprite size of 8x8 pixels, and a 4 channel stereo.
1997 - Mobile Phone - Snake
The game Snake for the mobile pone was first released in 1997 on the Nokia 6110. In the game you played as a snake that ate pixels and grew by one pixel eat time. This was one of the first mobile phone games.

2004 - PlayStation Portable PSP - Sony
The PSP was released in 2004, made by Sony and was the first handheld consoles that opted for disc over cartridges, the disc uesd were known as "Universal Media Disc" or UMD for short. There were over 750 games made for the PSP.  The PSP had a main memory of 32MB and 4MB embedded RAM, a CPU that runs at 1.333MHz.
2011 - Nintendo 3DS - Nintendo
The Nintendo 3DS XL is one of the newest handheld consoles. It allows you to see in 3DS by just looking at the screen and not using 3D glasses to see the 3D effect. The 3DS is also different from other DS's because it has a small analog stick, so more interaction can be involved when playing a game. It uses a stereo sound system, CPU speed of 26MHz, GPU speed of 133MHz, a video RAM of 4 MB and a system RAM of 64MB. The battery life can last 3-5 hours when playing a game, but if you just go on the DS software it can last anywhere between 5-8 hours. The 3DS has sold over 57.94 million unit and is still selling.
PC
PC gaming is one the biggest ways to game now a days, although back when PC gaming first became popular it was known as a thing for nerds and geeks. PC first started being used for gaming in the early 1980's with the Amstrad CPC 464, this computer was built to compete in the home computer market with the commodor 64. Since then PC gaming has become a everyday thing for teenagers, kids, parents and even some elderly people. No one I know has solely play on console or handheld devises anymore, they have all played at least on game on the PC.
Although PC gaming is so big it does have many advantages and disadvantages, an advantage would be almost every game is now on PC. Another is you can connect to other people all over the world and play games with them and talk to them using skype, teamspeak or any other software that does the same kind of things. The biggest advantage to me is you can keep updating the parts in your computer to keep up with the new games being released.
A disadvantage of PC gaming is you can not play console exclusive games like pokemon. Another is if you want to update the insides of your computer it can cost a lot and there are a lot of different parts and connections you need to look into before you can do any updating on the parts. The biggest disadvantage to me is the amount of room you need to have a computer, because you also need a desk and a chair to have a good set up, and if you wanted more screens that's even more room needed.
As a PC gamer I say the advantages and disadvantages are pretty fair or computers would be way to over powered. Although the PC has its disadvantages many people prefer PC gaming, because you generally get better graphics on games when on a PC, and some just for the pure amount of games you can get.
1984 - Paperboy
Paper boy is one of the first games on the PC. Paperboy was a game were you rode on a bike up a street delivering papers to the correct houses. It was released in 1984 on a computer called the Amstrad CPC 464. The Amstrad CPC 464 used a magnetic tape as storage, its CPU ran at 4MHz, the RAM was only 64 - 128 KB, the graphics were CGA VRAM at a resolution of 160x200.
Here is a online version of the game I have found  to play - http://www.playr.org/play/paperboy/1329
1993 - Doom
Doom is known by every gamer I know. Doom was a third person shooter game were you walk around a small map killing enemies. This game was released in 1993, and to run the game you needed a computer with a least: 1GB of storage, a CPU with 66MHz speed, a RAM of 4MB, VGA graphics and 320x220 resolution.
1998 - Half Life
Half Life is in my opinion where PC gaming first became popular. Half Life is a first person shooter game, with the best possible graphics for its time and is considered one of the greatest games of all time. To run this game you would need to with the lowest specs of: 10GB storage, a CPU with the speed of 233MHz, a RAM of 64MB, graphics at 16MB SVAG and a resolution of 640x480.
2003 - Half Life Counter-Strike
Half Life Counter-Strike is part of the Half Life series and was released in 2003. For a computer to be able to run this game, the computer would have to have the specs of: 50GB storage, a CPU that runs at the speed of 1.7GHz, a RAM of 512MB, graphics that run at 128MB and a resolution of 1024x768.
2007 - Crysis
When the game Crysis first came out and you could run it on your computer, you were considered to have a really good computer. Crysis is a first person shooter game, the game is based in the future where a ancient alien structure has been discovered, and you fight the aliens that have been living there. To run this game you will need a computer with: A storage of 200GB, a CPU that runs at 2.8GHz DDR2, graphics at 512MB and resolution of 1280x1024.
2011 - Skyrim
Skyrim is a massive open world game released in 2011, in this game you were known as the dragon born and you traveled around a huge fantasy world. To ru this game your computer would have needed to have: 750GB of storage, a CPU that runs at the speed of 2.8GHz, a RAM of 4GB DDR3, graphics at 1GB GDDR5 and a resolution 0f 1920x1080.
2014 - Watch Dogs
In the game Watch Dogs you walked around a open world and hacked into all sorts of things, for example the street lights. This game was released in 2014, to play the game you had to own a computer with: 1TB storage, CPU running at 3.0GHz, a RAM of 8GB DDR3, graphics at 2GB GDDR5 and a resolution of 3820x2160.

Television
TV gaming is a popular way of gaming in the US, it is a way of accessing games through you TV not using any other devices. You can access the games by making a subscription of renting them for a specific amount of time. There is no need for any thing like storage or special software because the game is being streamed straight to your TV and is stored on servers, also you don't have to buy any type of controller for TV gaming you just use your TV remote.

In the UK TV gaming never really took of but does have it's advantages, one being almost all the games are amed at kids and are easy or them to play. Another would be there is a massive range of games to chose from. The disadvantages are all the games are unknown and are all pretty bad. Another is the games are rather repetitive and not very fun.

Glossary:
  • Interactive: TV gaming isn't as interactive as console gaming or handheld gaming, because the only thing you can have for it is the remote, unlike other forms of gaming where you can have things like the VR (Virtual Reality) head set.
  • Online: TV games are all online so you can simply turn on your TV and play. Its also so you can connect to the servers.
  • PSB: PSB stands for Public Service Broadcasting this is when thing are broadcast for the benefit of the public rather than commercial use.
  • Cable, Satellite (Connectivity): You need these to be able to connect to the TV servers to be able to play the games in the first place.
  • MHP: MHB stands for Multimedia Home Platform, this is when you combine digital TV with the internet, allowing you to stream YouTube videos and others from the internet.